Skip to main content

NCERT CLASS- 6 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-2 NOTES

NCERT CLASS 6 GEOGRAPHY

CHAPTER- 2 [GLOBE: LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES]

 

NCERT CLASS- 6 GEOGRAPHY

  • Earth is slightly flattened at the north and the south poles and bulge in the middle.
  • Globe is a true model of the earth.
  • Earth rotates from west to east.
  • Equator is an imaginary line that divides the earth into two equal parts
  • The northern half of the earth is Northern Hemisphere.
  • The southern half of the earth is Southern Hemisphere.
  • All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallel of latitudes. Latitudes are measured  in degrees.
  • Equator represents the zero degrees latitude.
  • 90degree north latitude marks the North Pole and 90degree south latitude marks the South Pole.
  • Distance from the equator to either of the poles is one-fourth of a circle round the earth, 1/4th of 360, i.e, 90degree.
  • All parallels north of the equator are called ‘north latitudes’.
  • All parallels south of the equator are called ‘south latitudes’.
  • Four important parallels of latitudes-

        

        

        

        

  • By measuring the angle of the Pole Star from your place, you can know the latitude of your place.
  • All latitudes in between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn receives the maximum heat and is called the Torrid Zone.
  • The areas bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Artic circle in the northern hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antartic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere have moderate temperature, therefore called Temperate Zones.
  • Areas lying between the artic circle and the North Pole in the northern hemisphere and the antartic circle and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere are very cold, therefore called Frigid Zone.
  • Line of reference running from the North Pole to the South Pole are called the Meridians of longitude.

= the distance between them are measured in ‘ degrees of longitude’.

  • Longitudes are semi- circles and the distance between them decreases steadily polewards until it becomes zero at the poles where all the meridians meet.
  • All meridians are of equal length.
  • Meridians which pass through the Greenwich, where the British Royal Observatory is located, is called the Prime Meridian.

= value is 0° longitude and from it we count 180° eastward as well as 180° westward.

  • The Prime Meridian and 180° meridian divide the earth into two equal halves, the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
  • When the Prime Meridian of Greenwich has the sun at the highest point in the sky, all the places along this meridian will have mid-day or noon.
  • As the earth rotates from west to east, those places east of Greenwich will be ahead of Greenwich time and those to the west will be behind it.
  • The earth rotates about 15° an hour.
  • The Earth has been divided into 24 time zones of one hour each. Each zone thus covers 15° of longitude.
Labels:

Popular posts from this blog

NCERT CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-5 NOTES

  NCERT CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-5 [MAJOR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH]      The solid portion of the earth on which we live is called the Lithosphere. The gaseous layer that surround the earth is the Atmosphere. Water covers a very big area of the Earth’s surface and this area is called the Hydrosphere. The biosphere is the narrow zone where we find land, water and air together, which contains all forms of life. Two main divisions of earth’s surface- continents and oceans basins. Level of sea water remains the same everywhere. Elevation of land is measured from the level of the sea, which is taken as zero. The highest mountain peak Mt. Everest is 8848 m above the level.  The greatest depth of 11,022 m is recorded at Mariana Trench int the Pacific Ocean. Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa (India) were the 1st men to climb the Mt. Everest on 29th May 1953. Junko Tabei (Japan) was the 1st woman to reach the summit on 16th May 1975. The 1st Indian woma...
Read more

NCERT CLASS-9 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1 NOTES

  NCERT CLASS-9 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1 [INDIA- SIZE AND LOCATION]   India- in northern hemisphere.                =  main land extends between latitudes 8°4’ N and 37°6’ N and longitudes 68°7’ E                      and 97°25’ E. Tropic of Cancer  (23°30’ N) divides the country into almost 2 equal halves. Andaman & Nicobar islands - Bay of Bengal. Lakshadweep islands - Arabian Sea. The southernmost point of the Indian Ocean - ‘Indira Point’ got submerged under the sea water in 2004 during the tsunami. Land mass area of India - 3.28 million sq. Km.                 = India’s total area accounts for about 2.4% of total geographical area of the world. 7th largest country. India land boundary - 15,200 km. Length of coastline of mainland including Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep - 7516.6 km. Bounded...
Post a Comment
Read more

NCERT CLASS-7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-3 NOTES

  NCERT CLASSS-7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-3 [OUR CHANGING EARTH]   Lithospheric plates: The earth’s crust consists of several large and some small, rigid, irregularly- shaped plates (slabs) which carry continents and the ocean floor. The lithosphere is broken into a number of plates known as the Lithospheric plates. This is because of the movement of the molten magma inside the earth. The molten magma inside the earth moves in a circular manner. The movement of these plates causes changes on the surface of the earth. The earth movements are divided on the basis of the forces which cause them. The forces which act in the interior of the earth are called as Endogenic forces and the forces that work on the surface of the earth are called as Exogenic forces. Endogenic forces sometimes produce sudden movements and at the other times produce slow movements. Sudden movements like earthquakes and volcanoes cause mass destruction over the surface of the earth.   VOLCANO-   ...
Post a Comment
Read more