NCERT CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-7 NOTES

NCERT CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY

CHAPTER- 7 [OUR COUNTRY- INDIA]

 

 

• India- from north bound by Himalayas, Arabian Sea in the west, the Bay of Bengal in the east and Indian Ocean in south.

                = India has an area of about 3.28 million sq. Km.

• Kashmir to Kanyakumari- 3200 km.
• Arunachal Pradesh to Kuchchh- 2900 km.
• India, located in the Northern hemisphere.
• Tropic of Cancer (23°30’N) passes almost halfway through the country.
• From south to north, main land extends between 8°4N and 37°6N latitudes.
• From west to east =, India extends between 68°7’ E and 97°25’ E longitudes.
• Large countries which stretch from east to west extensively do not have a single standard time for the whole country.

                = The USA and Canada have 7 and 6 time zones respectively.

• The sun rises about 2 hours earlier in the east (Arunachal Pradesh) than in the west (Gujarat).
• There are 7 countries that shares land boundaries with India.
• Across the sea to the south, lie our island neighbours- Sri Lanka and Maldives.
• Sri Lanka, separated from India by the Palk strait.
• The country is divided into 29 states and 7 union territories.
• Telangana became the 29th state of India on 2 June 2014.

                = Previously part of Andhra Pradesh.

• Delhi, national capital.
• From north, Himalayas, Hima + Alaya mean ‘the abode of snow’.
• Himalayan mountains are divided into 3 main parallel ranges.

                = The northernmost is the Great Himalaya or Himadri, world’s highest peaks are located in this 

                    range.

                = Middle Himalaya or Himachal Lies to the south of Himadri, many popular hill stations are 

                   situated here.

                = The Shivalik is the southernmost range.

• The northern Indian plains lie to the south of Himalayas, generally level and flat.

                = Formed by the alluvial deposits laid down by the rivers- the Indus, the Ganga, the

                   Brahmaputra and their tributaries.

• Western part of India lies the Great Indian Desert.

                = It is a dry, hot and sandy stretch of land.

• To the south of the northern plains lies the Peninsular Plateau, triangular in shape, relief is uneven.

                = Region with numerous hills ranges and valleys.

• Aravalli hills, one of the oldest ranges of the world border it on the north- west side.

                = The Vindhyas and the Satpuras are the important ranges.

                = The rivers Narmada and Tapi flow through these ranges.

                = west flowing rivers that drain into the Arabian Sea.

• The western ghats or Sahyadris border the plateau in the west and the eastern ghats provides the eastern boundary.

                = Western ghats, continuous and the eastern ghats, broken and uneven.

• Plateau rich in minerals like coal and iron- ore.
• West of the Western ghats and east of the eastern ghats lie the coastal plains.
• The Western coastal plains are very narrow.
• The Eastern coastal plains are much broader.
• East flowing rivers- Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri drain into the Bay of Bengal.
• Corals are skeletons of tiny Marie animals called Polyps. When living polyps die their skeletons are left.

               = Other polyps grow on top of the hard skeleton which grows higher and higher, thus forming 

                   the coral islands.

• Lakshadweep islands located in Arabian Sea, coral islands located off the coast of Kerala.
• Andaman and Nicobar islands lie tot the southeast of Indian mainland in the Bay of Bengal.